Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases Diagnosed via 2D Echocardiography in a Selected Secondary Private Hospital in Cavite: A Retrospective Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21280033Keywords:
cardiovascular diseases, 2D echocardiography, prevalence, retrospective study, ejection fraction, CaviteAbstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain major causes of morbidity and mortality, making timely diagnostic evaluation important in hospital-based cardiovascular care. This retrospective quantitative-descriptive and correlational study determined the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases diagnosed through two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography in a selected secondary private hospital in Cavite from January 2019 to December 2024. The study used total enumeration of 4,826 eligible patient records from the hospital medical records section. Data included age, height, sex, weight, ejection fraction, type of cardiovascular diagnosis, and patient classification as inpatient or outpatient. Frequency, percentage, prevalence rate, time-series trend analysis, and chi-square test of association were used. Findings showed that most patients with cardiovascular diseases were middle-aged adults, particularly those 40 to 69 years old, with a consistent male predominance and a higher proportion among patients weighing 51 to 70 kg. Most patients had preserved left ventricular systolic function, with ejection fraction ranging from 53% to 75%. Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, while congenital and rheumatic heart diseases were least common. Outpatient cases comprised a substantial proportion of examinations, although inpatient utilization increased in 2020 and 2024. Overall CVD prevalence increased from 62.41% in 2019 to 73.84% in 2024, with a temporary decline in 2021. Age, height, and weight were significantly associated with CVD prevalence, while sex was not. The study provides baseline local evidence for cardiovascular screening, hospital planning, preventive programs, and data-driven health management in Cavite.
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