Efficacy of Oregano Leaves and Lemongrass Extract as Organic Household Insect Repellant

Authors

  • Harold Jay E. Enad Gabriel Taborin College of Davao Foundation, Inc. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20085026

Keywords:

Oregano Leaves, Lemongrass Extract, Organic Household Insecticide, , Efficacy, Flies, Experimental Research

Abstract

This study sought to assess the effectiveness of oregano leaves and lemongrass extract as organic household insect repellant against flies. The objectives were to determine the resistance rate of flies influenced by oregano leaves and lemongrass extract and to evaluate the efficacy of these natural ingredients as organic insect repellant. The research utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatment groups: Treatment 1 (500g of Dried Oregano Leaves Extracts + 500ml of Ethanol), Treatment 2 (500g of Dried Lemongrass Extracts + 500ml of Ethanol), and Treatment 3 (500g of Dried Oregano Leaves + 500g of Dried Lemongrass Extracts + 500ml of Ethanol). Using descriptive statistics and T-Test analysis to measure the resistance rate and efficacy of oregano leaves and lemongrass extracts. The results indicated that Treatment 1 and Treatment 3 were highly effective in repelling flies, with statistically significant differences compared to Treatment 2. Therefore, oregano leaves and lemongrass extract show potential as effective organic household insect repellants against flies. These findings contribute to the existing literature and offer a safer alternative to synthetic insecticides.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agrawal, N., Azeem, M., Banerjee, S., Benelli, G., Cal, K., Chattopadhyay, P., Chellappandian, M., Choochote, W., Cleton, N., Cosimi, S., Cu, J., Dickens, J. C., El-Sheikh, T. M. Y., Souza, C. F., Fouad, H. A., Fonseca-Santos, B., Gillij, Y. G., Gokulakrishnan, J., Govindarajan, M., & Campos, E. (2020). An approach to natural insect repellant formulations: From basic research to technological development. Acta Tropica, 212, 105419. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0001706X19311970

Akkari, H., Ezzine, O., Dhahri, S., B’chir, F., Rekik, M., Hajaji, S., Darghouth, M. A., Jamâa, M. L., & Gharbi, M. (2015). Chemical composition, insecticidal and in vitro anthelmintic activities of Ruta chalepensis (Rutaceae) essential oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 74, 745–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.06.008

Aluyor, E. O., & Oboh, I. O. (2014). Traditional preservatives-vegetable oils. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323813376_Preservatives_Traditional_Preservatives_-_Vegetable_Oils

Amar-Yuli, I., Bohlin, L., Borgheti-Cardoso, L. N., Brown, M., Burt, S., Callander, J. T., Chorilli, M., Dong, L., Drummond, C. J., Engström, S., Fonseca-Santos, B., Guo, C., Hammer, K. A., Jones, D., Jones, D. S., Katz, T. M., Khalil, R. A., Kim, S.-I., Kitagawa, S., & Carvalho, F. C. (2018). An effective mosquito-repellant topical product from liquid crystal-based tea tree oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 128, 488-495. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0926669018309956

Anggraeni, Indrayati, N., Hidayat, Wiani, I., Rachman, Ersanda, & Diana, S. (2018). Bioactivity of essential oil from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) as antioxidant agent. 1st International Conference and Exhibition on Powder Technology Indonesia (ICePTi), 1927(1). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5021200

Avoseh, O., Oyedeji, A., N-keh Chungag, B., Rungqo, P. O., & Oyedeji, O. (2015). Cymbopogon species; ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and the pharmacological importance. Molecules, 20(5), 7438-7453. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20057438

Aw, T. (2018). Environmental aspects and features of critical pathogen groups. https://www.waterpathogens.org/book/environmental-aspects-and-features-of-critical-pathogen-groups

Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils – A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(2), 446-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.106

Baldacchino, F., Tramut, C., Salem, A., Liénard, E., Delétré, E., Franc, M., Martin, T., Duvallet, G., & Jay-Robert, P. (2013). Parasite. The repellency of lemongrass oil against stable flies, tested using video tracking, 20, 7. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2013021

Brenda J. Reau, (2021). Evaluating consumer acceptance of food products. MSU Extension. https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/evaluating_consumer_acceptance_of_food_products

Brown, A. (2018). Science Alert. Understanding food: principles and preparation. Cengage learning. Efficacy and residual activity of lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon flexuosus) against German cockroaches (Blattella Germanica), 704. Google Books. https://rb.gy/5tob9

Cabarogias, A., & Nicolas, A. (2015). Indigenous knowledge and sustainable pest management in rice farming communities of Southern Luzon, Philippines. International journal on advanced science, engineering technology, 5(2015), 149-154. https://ijaseit.insightsociety.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9&Itemid=1&article_id=590

Cole-Parmer. (2020). Solvent Extraction Method of Plants Using Ethanol. Cole-Parmer. https://www.coleparmer.com/tech-article/solvent-extraction-method-ethanol

Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, 5, 304. Sage Publications. https://books.google.com/books/about/Research_Design.html?id=s4ViswEACAAJ

Fradin, M. (2019). Insect protection. Travel medicine (4th ed., 6, pp. 43-52). ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-54696-6.00006-9

Govt. Philippines. (2010, July 15). Philippines: Dengue in Digos City, davao del sur – Philippines. ReliefWeb. https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/philippines-dengue-digos-city-davao-del-sur

Hutchings, J. (2012). Journal of food quality. The importance of visual appearance of foods to the food processor and consumer, 1(3), 267-278. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.1977.tb00945.x

Jannatan, R., Rahayu, R., Herwina, H., & Nasir, N. (2017). European journal of biological research. Fumigant toxicity and repellency of citronella grass essential oil Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) to female and nymph German cockroaches (Blattella germanica), 8, 1763-1769. ResearchGate. https://rb.gy/d7kpc

Katzer, G. (2007). Oregano (Origanum vulgare). Oregano (Origanum vulgare L. https://restorativemedicine.org/library/monographs/oregano/

Khan, N. T. (2020). Pharmacological importance of sage and oregano. Pen Access Pub. https://openaccesspub.org/japst/article/1338

Khater, H. F., Shalaby, M. M., & AI-Kholy, R. M. (2019). Journal of Vector ecology. Efficacy and repellency of some essential oils and their blends against larval and adult house flies, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), 44, 256-263. Wiley Online Library. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvec.12357

Lake Norman Pest Control, (2023). Top 10 herbs used as insect repellants. https://www.lakenormanpest.com/top-10-herbs-used-insect-repellant

Leyva-López, N., Gutiérrez-Grijalva, E. P., Vazquez-Olivo, G., & Heredia, J. B. (2017). Essential Oils of Oregano: Biological Activity beyond Their Antimicrobial Properties, 22(6), 989. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22060989

Mapossa, A. B., Focke, W. W., Tewo, R. K., Androsch, R., & Kruger, T. (2021). Mosquito-repellent controlled-release formulations for fighting infectious diseases. Malar journal, 20(1), 165. Malaria journal. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03681-7

Oldworldgardenfarms. (2021). How to keep mosquitoes away from your patio & yard - with plants! Old World Garden Farms. https://oldworldgardenfarms.com/2021/05/20/how-to-keep-mosquitoes-away/

Patel, H. (2022). The multiple health benefits of oregano. HealthifyMe. https://rb.gy/i4ycs.

Pavela, R. (2022). Insecticidal properties of several essential oils on the house fly (Musca domestica L.). Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 23(2), 274-278. National Library of Medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17886229/

PhilAtlas. (2020). Sinawilan, Municipality of Matanao, Province of Davao del Sur. PhilAtlas. https://www.philatlas.com/mindanao/r11/davao-del-sur/matanao/sinawilan.html

Rahayu, R., Ahmad, E., Ratna, M., Tan, & Hariani. (2012). Present status of carbamate, pyrethroid and phenylpyrazole insecticide resistance to German cockroach, blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) in Indonesia. Journal of Entomology, 9, 361-367. Semantic Scholar. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Present-Status-of-Carbamate%2C-Pyrethroid-and-to-in-Rahayu-Ahmad/a862903c0734402d8d3bb847e18b951b792f6ef7

Rahayu, R., Madona, W. R., Bestari, W., Dahelmi, & Jannatan, R. (2016). Resistance monitoring of some commercial insecticides to German cockroach (Blattella Germanica (L.) in Indonesia. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4, 709-712. JEZS. https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/?year=2016&vol=4&issue=6&ArticleId=1408

Regnault-Roger, C., Vincent, C., & Arnason, J. T. (2012). Essential oils in insect control: low-risk products in a high-stakes world. Annual review of entomology, 57, 405–424. Annual Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120710-100554

Rowles, A. (2023). 9 benefits and uses of oregano oil. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/9-oregano-oil-benefits-and-uses

Shah, G., Shri, R., Panchal, V., Sharma, N., Singh, B., & Mann, A. S. (2011). Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, stapf (Lemon grass). Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research, 2(1), 3–8. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3217679/

Sharififard, M., Alizadeh, I., Jahanifard, E., Wang, C., & Azemi, M.E. (2018). Chemical composition and repellency of origanum vulgare essential oil against cimex lectularius under laboratory conditions. Journal of arthropod-borne diseases, 12, 387-397. Semantic Scholar. https://rb.gy/ajxpn

Sritabutra, D., & Soonwera, M. (2013). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 3(4), 271–276. Repellant activity of herbal essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) and Culex quinquefasciatus (say.). Asian Pacific journal of Tropical disease, 3(4), 271-276. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60069-9

Thamkaew, G., Sjöholm, I., & Galindo, F. (2020). A review of drying methods for improving the quality of dried herbs. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 61(11), 1763-1786. Taylor and Francis Online. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408398.2020.1765309

Tovar, L., Pinto, G., Wolf-Maciel, M., Batistella, C., & Filho, R. (2011). Short-path-distillation process of lemongrass essential oil: physicochemical characterization and assessment quality of the distillate and the residue products. I&EC research, 50(13), 8185-8194. ACS Publications. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie101503n

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2020, April). Essential oils. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/essential-oils/index.cfm

WebMD. (2020). Oregano: Overview, uses, side effects, precautions, interactions, dosing and reviews. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-644/oregano#:~:text=Oregano%20(Origanum%20vulgare)%20is%20an,thyme%2C%20marjoram%2C%20and%20basil.

Winzeck, S., Hakim, A., McKinley, R., Pinto, J. A. A. D. S. R., Alves, V., Silva, C., Pisov, M., Krivov, E., Belyaev, M., Monteiro, M., Oliveira, A., Choi, Y., Paik, M. C., Kwon, Y., Lee, H., Kim, B. J., Won, J. H., Islam, M., Ren, H., Robben, D., & Reyes, M. (2018). Original research. ISLES 2016 and 2017-benchmarking ischemic stroke lesion outcome prediction based on multispectral MRI, 9, 679. Frontiers in Neurology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00679

Wu, W., Yang, Y., Feng, Y., Ren, X., Li, Y., Li, W., Huang, J., Kong, L., Chen, X., Lin, Z., Hou, X., Zhang, L., Chen, Y., Sheng, Z., & Hong, W. (2022). Study of the repellant activity of 60 essential oils and their main constituents against aedes albopictus, and nano-formulation development. Insects, 13(12). MDPI. https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/12/1077

Yoo, C. (2022). 12 mosquito repellant plants - garden design. GardenDesign. https://www.gardendesign.com/plants/mosquito-repellant.html

Downloads

Published

2026-05-08

How to Cite

Enad, H. J. (2026). Efficacy of Oregano Leaves and Lemongrass Extract as Organic Household Insect Repellant . International Journal of Education, Research, and Innovation Perspectives, 2(5), 298-314. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20085026

Similar Articles

1-10 of 188

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.