Status and Challenges of Tourism-Based Livelihood of Small Enterprises in Ilocos Sur: Basis for Strategic Plan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20338537Keywords:
small enterprise, tourism-based livelihood, strategic planning, sustainable tourism, Ilocos Sur, local economic developmentAbstract
This study assessed the status, benefits, and challenges of tourism-based livelihood among small enterprises in Ilocos Sur and developed a strategic plan to support their sustainable growth. Using a quantitative descriptive research design, data were gathered from 119 managers or owners of small tourism enterprises through a validated researcher-made survey questionnaire. The instrument measured enterprise profile, implementation of tourism-based livelihood practices, perceived benefits, and challenges related to resource generation, market access, and sustainability. Findings showed that accommodation enterprises (38%) and souvenir shops (34%) were the dominant business types, while most enterprises operated as sole proprietorships (61%), had been in operation for four to six years (65%), and employed mostly local residents. Tourism-based livelihood practices were generally mostly implemented, with strong regulatory compliance, market engagement, and community engagement, but relatively weaker government support and operational standardization. Benefits were often experienced in revenue generation, socio-economic contribution, and investment generation. However, enterprises continued to face challenges in securing financial and marketing resources, competing with larger tourism ventures, sustaining tourist demand, adopting technology, and balancing economic growth with environmental protection. Based on these findings, a strategic plan was proposed, focusing on operational efficiency, year-round marketing, financial partnerships, eco-friendly practices, and stronger collaboration with government and private stakeholders. The study contributes practical directions for strengthening small tourism enterprises as engines of local livelihood, cultural promotion, and sustainable tourism development in Ilocos Sur.
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