Histological and Comparative Analysis of Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Inhabiting Lake Sebu and Lake Lutayan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19142548Keywords:
Tilapia, histology, Lake Sebu, Lake Lutayan, water quality, aquaculture, environmental stressAbstract
This study assessed and compared the histological health of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Lake Sebu and Lake Lutayan in South Cotabato, Philippines, to evaluate environmental quality and aquaculture sustainability. Using a descriptive-comparative design, fish samples from both lakes were analyzed for gill, liver, kidney, and muscle tissue alterations, along with measurements of pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. The results revealed that tilapia from Lake Lutayan exhibited healthier organ structures, higher mean weight (182.6 ± 6.06 g), and longer length (20.2 ± 0.56 cm) compared to those from Lake Sebu (151.6 ± 5.59 g; 17.6 ± 0.55 cm). Moderate to severe liver and kidney damage were found in Lake Sebu tilapia, likely due to acidic water, low oxygen levels, and high turbidity resulting from intensive aquaculture activities. In contrast, Lake Lutayan demonstrated a more balanced ecosystem. It is therefore recommended to maintain proper stocking densities, enhance feeding and water management practices, and strengthen local policies to ensure sustainable aquaculture and the long-term preservation of lake ecosystems. Furthermore, periodic sampling at least twice a year is advised to continuously monitor fish health and water quality, thereby strengthening the reliability and validity of future assessments.
Downloads
References
Abad-Rosales, S., Lozano-Olvera, R., & Chávez-Sánchez, M. C. (2022). Epitheliocystis prevalence and histological alterations in gills of Nile tilapia *Oreochromis niloticus* (Linnaeus) cultured in southwestern Mexico. *Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research*, *50*(3), 439–450. https://doi.org/10.3856/vol50-issue3-fulltext-2800
Abdel-Wahab, W. M., Aly, S. M., El-Sayed, A.-F. M., & El-Sayed, Y. S. (2020). Histological biomarkers in fish as a tool for aquatic pollution assessment. *Environmental Science and Pollution Research*, *27*(10), 10325–10339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07756-7
Akinrotimi, O. A., Gabriel, U. U., & Anyanwu, P. E. (2019). Histological responses of tilapia (*Oreochromis niloticus*) to environmental stressors in freshwater ecosystems. *Journal of Aquatic Sciences*, *34*(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i2.8
Aldoghachi, M. A., Azirun, M. S., Yusoff, I., & Ashraf, M. A. (2015). Ultrastructural effects on gill tissues induced in red tilapia (*Oreochromis* sp.) by waterborne lead exposure. *Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences*, *23*(5), 634–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.08.004
Baiomy, A. A., Hassan, A. M., El-Sayed, R., & Mahmoud, S. A. (2016). Histological biomarkers and genotoxicity in gill and liver tissues of Nile tilapia (*Oreochromis niloticus*) from a polluted part of the Nile River, Egypt. *African Journal of Aquatic Science*, *41*(2), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2016.1175346
Bang-asan, M. R., Mitsuhashi, M. V., Balolong, M. P., & Hallare, A. V. (2017). Histological effects of aquafarming on the liver and testes of Nile tilapia (*Oreochromis niloticus* L.) from Taal Lake, Philippines. *Philippine Journal of Health Research and Development*, *21*(2), 31–41. https://pjhrd.upm.edu.ph/index.php/main/article/view/88
Boyd, C. E., Tucker, C. S., & Somridhivej, B. (2016). Alkalinity and hardness: Critical but often overlooked aspects of water quality. *Journal of the World Aquaculture Society*, *47*(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12241
Dorado, E. L., Torres, M. A. J., & Demayo, C. G. (2012). Sexual dimorphism in body shapes of the spotted barb fish, *Puntius binotatus*, of Lake Buluan in Mindanao, Philippines. *AACL Bioflux*, *5*(4), 290–296. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.5555/20123396347
Dudgeon, D., Arthington, A. H., Gessner, M. O., Kawabata, Z.-I., Knowler, D. J., Lévêque, C., Naiman, R. J., Prieur-Richard, A.-H., Soto, D., Stiassny, M. L. J., & Sullivan, C. A. (2006). Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. *Biological Reviews*, *81*(2), 163–182. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1464793105006950
El-Sayed, A. F. M. (2019). Tilapia culture. In J. F. Craig (Ed.), *Freshwater fisheries ecology* (pp. 507–517). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118394380.ch34
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2018). *The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018 (SOFIA)*. https://openknowledge.fao.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12648/7771/fao9789251311937.pdf
Guevarra, J. B., Demayo, C. G., Torres, M. A. J., & Torreta, N. K. (2020). Biomarker evaluation in Nile tilapia (*Oreochromis niloticus*) to assess the health status of aquaculture areas in the Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Philippines. *Philippine Journal of Science*, *149*(S1), 139–151. https://philjournalsci.dost.gov.ph/images/pdf/pjs_pdf/vol149noS1/biomarker_evaluation.pdf
Guevarra, R. D., Paraso, M. G. V., & Lola, M. S. E. (2020). Biomarker evaluation in Nile tilapia (*Oreochromis niloticus*) to assess the health status of aquaculture areas in the Seven Lakes of San Pablo. *Philippine Journal of Science*, *149*(3), 753–764. https://www.ukdr.uplb.edu.ph/journal-articles/202/
Nascimento, I. T. V. da S., Serra, I. M. R. de S., Pereira, N. J., Martins, R. S., Melo, T. A. de, & Santos, D. M. S. (2021). Quality of water from fish farms and histological analysis of tilapia (*Oreochromis* sp.) in São José de Ribamar and Paço do Lumiar, State of Maranhão, Brazil. *Aquaculture Research*, *52*(9), 4217–4226. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15260
Omondi, R., Musa, S., & Ogello, E. O. (2021). Histological alterations in fish as indicators of eutrophication in tropical lakes. *African Journal of Aquatic Science*, *46*(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2020.1868512
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
